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<center><a NAME="Other Brake Maintenence & Modification Tips"></a><b><font size=+2>Other
Brake Maintenance &amp; Modification Tips</font></b></center>

<p>So as SHO owners, we basically have three easy solutions to fade:
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; cool the rotors
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; change to higher temp pads
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; 3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; install bigger rotors
<p><b>Cooling </b>has limited effectiveness on one stop temperatures, but
can help considerably on multiple stops. The design of <b>cooling ducts</b>
can get rather technical, and can even be detrimental if done incorrectly.
If you want to run 4 in. hose from the foglamps opening (a high pressure
area) to the center of the rotor, it could probably only help, but I have
seen or heard of no data to support this). Consider, however, that a car
like the SHO with rounded front corners, has a lot of natural airflow through
the wheelwells. This can be confirmed by the amount of brake dust on the
outside of the wheels. Using <b>open design wheels</b> may be an easier,&nbsp;
more effective mod. Also the SHO slicer wheel is actually an <b>air pump</b>
if installed uni-directionally. Use separate left and right wheels. Be
sure to install them so they pump air out.
<p><b>Cooling slots and holes</b> in rotors are not a good fade reduction
option for street use because of their tendency to accelerate cracking
problems. They are designed to get rid of gases from organic pads anyway.
(Yeah, I know, they look cool...) A better option is to get rid of the
organic based pads.
<p>Some on the list have advocated removing your <b>dust shields</b> to
help with the cooling. This may work for the track, but for the street
you would have accelerated pad wear from all the extra grit. Try the right
temperature pad first.
<p>You could also put <b>bigger rotors</b> on your car. The 96 front rotors
are 33% heavier and will help hold down the rise in temperatures. The pad
now has less temperature to deal with. On an 80 mph stop, the temperature
rise, compared to the stock rotors, would drop from 381 to 299 F. A 140
mph stop would drop from 1025 to 777 F. ( and they look cool too, especially
through those new "open" wheels....)
<p>But regardless of what you do, the lowly <b>disc brake pad</b> still
has to deal with some pretty hot temperatures. Aggressive driving means
different things to different people. For a street driven SHO, I'd like
to have brakes that could handle several 60 mph stops or one good 100 mph
stop with no hint of fade. That would give me a confidence in the brakes
that I could "feel". It would also eliminate a lot of the warped rotor
problems because fading pads tend to boil off organic compounds, have a
changing friction coefficient, and develop hot spots in the rotor. This
uneven heating and cooling causes them to warp. That's why eliminating
the fade eliminates a lot of the warping. I would anticipate temps up to
600 F in my proposed aggressive street driving scenario. Unfortunately,
many of us have found that our brakes begin to fade at these temperatures.
<p><b>Buy CM pads:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b>Any carbon-enhanced-metallic style
pad is a great improvement over the OEM type semi-metallics regarding fade
during agressive use. Buy the brand of your choice. The increase in fade
resistance is 50 % or several hundred degrees.
<p><b>Use either the 601 or 598 size CM pads on the 96 11.6 in. rotors:</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
Go for the CM pads even if they are the FMSI 601 versions designed for
the 94 rotors. These are 1/4 in smaller than the 96 SM pads. As long as
you are switching to the CM type pad, you'll see such a big performance
increase (near 50%), that it overshadows the difference in swept area (10%)
that results by using the (wrong) pad on the big rotor. Refer to the SHO
owners survey comments above. To really optimize everything, however, try
to find a CM pad brand that you can get in the proper (FMSI#) 598 size.
These measure 2-3/16 from top to bottom.
<p><b>Bed in your pads and season your rotors</b> before any hard use after
a pad or rotor change. There is an excellent write-up on the <a href="http://www.shotimes.com/brakes/part1.html">ShoTimes
FAQ</a> regarding this. Hal Baer says DO IT! <u>Especially</u> with carbon
pads.
<p><b>Caliper Sliding Pins:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b>Have a tendency to stick
both front &amp; rear. During normal brake maintenance, they should be
cleaned of rust, polished with emery paper, and greased with a high-temp
silicone grease. Any torn water/dust boots should be replaced. Or replace
everything with easily available and inexpensive "pin kits". The final
fit should be an easy slide with your fingers. Any greater resistance than
this will cause unequal pad wear, unequal braking, increased rotor thermal
stress/warping, etc. Any uneven pad wear front to rear (on the same pad)
is an indication of sticking slider pins. Any drastically different amount
of pad wear from inside to outside is an indication of the same. Neglected,
sticking sliding pins are very common and put more pressure on the front.
Not very desirable.
<p><b>Use the same pad compound front &amp; rear:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b>This
becomes even more important as you step up into high-performance / high
friction CF pads. You need to maintain your brake balance front &amp; rear.
You don't need drastically different CF's front &amp; rear. And if you
go to all the trouble to adjust your brake bias as described below, you
don't want anything to mess it up. Also, different compounds heat up differently,
and don't you want consistent brakes? This is hard because many manufacturers
don't offer the same pad selection for the rear, since they aren't requested
as frequently. After all, they offer what sells.
<p><b>Adjust your brake bias:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b>The SHO has a sophisticated
front/rear brake pressure proportioning valve that not only adjust for
static weight distribution, but also adjusts for dynamic brake bias while
the weight shifts forward during braking. It measures stopping intensity
by measuring changes in rear ride height. Fortunately, it is also easily
adjustable. The ideal setting is to have the front brakes lock just 5-10%
prior to the rears, ideally under all traction conditions, but dry pavement
is usually the compromise. Any change in tires, springs, brake pads, ride
height, weight, rotors, etc. can require a change in the brake bias to
get back to the ideal. If ABS equipped, it is important not to let the
ABS do this load compensating, because if it kicks in at only one end,
the other end of the car is not braking at optimum. (This could be the
reason some ABS cars have taken slightly longer to stop than a non-ABS
version.) Maximum tire traction is achieved at about 5-10% tire slip. The
hardest part about testing this setting is not flat-spotting and ruining
a set of tires. (Testing ABS cars should be much easier.) It's very likely
the Ford setting is more conservative than ideal, (just like understeer)
and you could likely dial-in a little more rear brake to help the over-worked
fronts, and improve your stopping distances. Try lengthening the adjustor
rodlength near the left rear lower control arm 1/4 in. at a time, until
the rear tires lock first on dry pavement. Then back off 1/2 in.
<p><b>Parking brake cables:&nbsp;</b>&nbsp;&nbsp; Also have a tendency
to stick causing many of the same problems as sliding pins.
<p><b>Brake booster return springs:&nbsp;</b>&nbsp;&nbsp; Have been known
to fail and cause your brakes to drag while cruising down the highway.
Causes extremely increased pad wear and increased warping. Can be detected
by lifting the brake pedal with your toe, or checking front rotor temps
after a few minute highway cruise. Stop carefully using only your emergency
brake, and carefully check front rotor temps with your bare hand near the
rotor. (Or use a pyrometer) Mine were only 68 F on a 45 F day.
<p><b>Aftermarket Kleen Wheels Dust shields:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b>They
shut down the rounded Taurus' natural wheel well air flow. I had almost
red-hot brakes after cruising down the highway with only this simple change.&nbsp;
No dust, but...<u>Severe</u> brake fade. Even with CM pads. Nuff said.
<p><b>Factory dust/splash shields:</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; These block some
cooling airflow, but they also keep dirt grime and water off the rotors.
Removing them may help cooling, but at the expense of possibly greatly
increased pad &amp; rotor wear. Recommended by some SHO owners, and not
recommended by others.
<p><b>Cryogenically treated rotors:&nbsp;</b>&nbsp; This is not expensive,
something like $35 ea. It is definately well-founded science, and the cutting
edge race teams are doing it. The temperature extreme actually anneals/hardens
the rotor, affecting it's wear rate and thermal stability in a very positive
way.
<p><b>Cool air ducts:</b>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; These are almost free. 4 in.
high-temp dryer hose or auto duct recommended. Old fog lamp openings are
an ideal high-pressure spot. The outlet should point at the center of the
rotor, since these are vented rotors. Pointing at the rotor edge or only
one side may worsen the warping problem rather than help. Rapid cooling
cycles themselves may worsen the warping problem, so BTW.
<p><b>SHO slicer wheels:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b>Are actually an air pump.
One SHO owner tested this and published the CFMs on the SHO-times list.
Make sure you install these directionally to work the best. IE: you will
need separate right and left wheels. Install them so the fan blades pump
air to the outside of the car. Don't mix them up during a tire rotation.
<p><b>Open style wheels:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b>The SHO has a lot of natural
wheel-well airflow, due to it's heavily rounded front fender shape. Play
this up by choosing a wheel design with as much open area as possible to
increase the airflow.
<p><b>Cooling slots or holes:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b>Can reduce fade if
the problem is caused by gases boiling off of pads with organic based content.
That may not even be the reason for the brake fade. Definately decreases
rotor life by increasing thermal stress and&nbsp; leads to cracking. Slotted/drilled
rotors may not last as long as your pads. Buy non-organic/carbon metallic
type pads and you won't have to worry about gaseous fade. But it sure looks
cool...
<p><b>Front air dam:&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; </b>Cuts off air flow under the
car, and to your brakes. Nuff said...
<p><b>Brake fluid boiling:&nbsp;</b> This is a very real possibility with
all systems from the 10.2 up to the 12.5 Baer conversions when used in
a real racing environment.&nbsp; The Ford brake system is spec'd for DOT-3
fluid, but not all DOT-3 fluids are alike!&nbsp; Generic DOT-3 has a dry
boiling point of just over 400F.&nbsp; Ford-brand High Performance DOT-3
has a dry BP over 500F, which makes a huge difference.&nbsp; There are
several high-performance DOT-4 fluids which are available with dry BP of
over 550F (Motul). <a href="http://www.shotimes.com/SHO3brakefluid.html">David
Zeckhausen</a> has some very good information on different brands of brake
fluid also on the FAQ.
<p>This change is most approppriate in a racing environment. For street
cars, caliper temperatures will never come close to rotor temperatures.
They are pretty well insulated from each other, and there just isn't enough
<u>time</u>
for the hot <u>air</u> to heat them up. I tested this by four hard stops
to generate 600F rotors and I could still touch the caliper by hand!
<p>However due to moisture and corrosion you would do well to review the
different brake fluids available, and do an occasional&nbsp; brake fluid
flush to remove the moisture. Maybe every year or two.And remember, moisture
in the fluid can lower the boiling point to below 300F! regardless of what
type fluid you use.
<center>
<p><a NAME="Links"></a><b><font size=+2>Links</font></b>
<br><a href="http://www.performancefriction.com/"><img SRC="perffriction.gif" BORDER=0 height=55 width=183></a><a href="http://www.hawkbrake.com/"><img SRC="Hawkferro.gif" BORDER=0 height=63 width=340></a><a href="http://carbotecheng.com/"><img SRC="carbotech.jpg" BORDER=0 height=100 width=219></a></center>

<p><a href="http://www.grmotorsports.com/"><img SRC="grm.jpg" height=79 width=225></a><img SRC="onecryo.gif" HSPACE=10 BORDER=0 height=58 width=378>
<p><a href="http://www.uia.net/shofear/"><img SRC="shocal.jpg" height=60 width=250></a><a href="www.kvrperformance.com"><img SRC="kvr.gif" HSPACE=10 height=70 width=400></a>
<br><a href="www.raybestos.com"><img SRC="raybestos.gif" height=82 width=250></a>
<center><b><font size=+2>Credits</font></b>
<br>My thanks to many contributors:
<br><b>One author:</b>
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Fred Puhn&nbsp; "The Brake Handbook"
<br><b>Two Magazines:</b>
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; "Grassroots Motorsports"
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; "Road &amp; Track"
<br><b>Four Brake Pad Manufacturers:</b>
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Raybestos Brake
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Performance Friction Corp.
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Hawke Brake
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Carbotech Engineering
<br><b>Two Brake Engineers:</b>
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Mark Price
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Larry Narcus
<br><b>Four Brake Hardware &amp; Specialty Shops:</b>
<br>SHO Shop
<br>&nbsp; Baer Racing Brakes
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Autospecialty
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; One Cryo
<br><b>Two Parts Stores:</b>
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Winner Ford
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Pep Boys
<br><b>Sixty Sho Owners, especially:</b>
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Don Donelson
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Don Mallinson
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Scott Chan
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Joseph Teixeira
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; Dave Zeckenhausen
<br>&nbsp;&nbsp; SHO Cal Club
<br>&nbsp;
<p>Authored by Leigh Smith
<br>6/18/99
<br>About the author:
<br>B.S. Chemistry
<br>M.B.A. Marketing
<br>15 year SCCA autocross veteran
<br>mutiple regional &amp; divisional championships
<br>out-lapped several national champions
<br>Malibu Grand Prix Racing League Champion / lap record
<br>Street Car: '89 SHO Titanium, 175k mi.
<br>A-X Car: '70 Z28, ESP (Street Prepared)&nbsp; "Killer Bee"
<br>425 hp, 16x10 in wheels &amp; tires, lots a mods
<br>1.2G brakes, 1.08G L/R, 0.75 G Gas
<br>(guess it need a little mo' power!)
<p><a href="brakes8.html">Back</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
<a href="#Other Brake Maintenence & Modification Tips">Top</a>
<br><b><font size=+1><a href="brakes1.html">Better SHO Brakes Through Science</a></font></b>
<br><b><font size=+1><a href="brakes2.html">Expected Rotor Temperatures</a></font></b>
<br><b><font size=+1><a href="brakes3.html">Capabilities of Various Brake
Pads</a></font></b>
<br><b><font size=+1><a href="brakes4.html">Pad Part Numbers</a></font></b>
<br><b><font size=+1><a href="brakes5.html">DOT Pad Codes</a></font></b>
<br><b><font size=+1><a href="brakes6.html">Brake Survey Results</a></font></b>
<br><b><font size=+1><a href="brakes7.html">Upgrade Decisions - Rotors
vs Pads</a></font></b>
<br><b><font size=+1><a href="brakes8.html">On Rotor Warping</a></font></b>
<br><b><font size=+1><a href="brakes9.html">Other Brake Maintenance &amp;
Modification Tips</a></font></b>
<br><b><font size=+1><a href="#Links">Links</a></font></b></center>

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